See puch on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chk",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "puch",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chuukese",
"lang_code": "chk",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chuukese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 20 4 0 35 3 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 24 1 0 32 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 24 1 0 32 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foolish"
],
"id": "en-puch-chk-adj-fTBf1HPz",
"links": [
[
"foolish",
"foolish"
]
]
}
],
"word": "puch"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "puich",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puich",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "an puch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na puich",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "an phuich",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na bpuch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an bpuch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don phuch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na puich",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "puch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "phuch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition"
]
},
{
"form": "bpuch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "puich",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "puich",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "puch m (genitive singular puich, nominative plural puich)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "puich",
"3": "puich"
},
"expansion": "puch m (genitive singular puich, nominative plural puich)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "wasp",
"word": "foiche"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 20 4 0 35 3 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of foiche (“wasp”)"
],
"id": "en-puch-ga-noun-TcUqcd1L",
"links": [
[
"foiche",
"foiche#Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "puch"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "quc",
"2": "adv"
},
"expansion": "puch",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "K'iche'",
"lang_code": "quc",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "K'iche' entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"even though"
],
"id": "en-puch-quc-adv-TUYpJvpm"
},
{
"glosses": [
"also, too"
],
"id": "en-puch-quc-adv-gfFjydy1"
}
],
"word": "puch"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*puxъ<id:blister>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pews-\nProto-Indo-European *powsosder.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *pausasder.\nProto-Slavic *puxъ\nOld Polish puch\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pews-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*powsos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*pausas\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*puxъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"puch\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"puch\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *puxъ.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pews-\nProto-Indo-European *powsosder.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *pausasder.\nProto-Slavic *puxъ\nOld Polish puch\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *puxъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "puch m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "puch m animacy unattested",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pomerania Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 20 4 0 35 3 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 11 3 0 66 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
61,
66
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, Grochów, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Kcynia, page 67:",
"text": "Quamdiu homo est in infirmitate, plenus est malis humoribus, pvchv, propter quos non habet appetitum comedendi",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"exhalation, fume, vapor"
],
"id": "en-puch-zlw-opl-noun-y9Xtk3H9",
"links": [
[
"exhalation",
"exhalation"
],
[
"fume",
"fume"
],
[
"vapor",
"vapor"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Pomerania; Greater Poland; attested in Pomerania; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Pomerania, Greater Poland) exhalation, fume, vapor"
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "puchlny"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "puzdro"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "opuchać"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "duch"
},
{
"word": "dym"
},
{
"word": "wilkość"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pux/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/pux/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "puch"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Ornithology",
"orig": "pl:Ornithology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "puchaty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "puchowaty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "puszysty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "puchowiec"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "puchówka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "puszysty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "puszyć"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*puxъ",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"puch\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"puch\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *puxъ.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fuks"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of fuks",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *puxъ. Doublet of fuks.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "puszek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "puchowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "puch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puchów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puchowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puchom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puchami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puchach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "puchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "puchowy",
"dim": "puszek"
},
"expansion": "puch m inan (diminutive puszek, related adjective puchowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"puch"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"puch"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "puszysto"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "puszyście"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "puszysta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "puszystość"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "66 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 20 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"down, fluff (soft, immature feathers)"
],
"id": "en-puch-pl-noun-xZPoklTV",
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"fluff",
"fluff"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "66 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Snow",
"orig": "pl:Snow",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"snow"
],
"id": "en-puch-pl-noun-p0YiLwnY",
"links": [
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpux/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpux/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
}
],
"word": "puch"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Ornithology",
"orig": "pl:Ornithology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "puch",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"puch"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"puch"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 16 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pucha"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of pucha"
],
"id": "en-puch-pl-noun-sHEMkmib",
"links": [
[
"pucha",
"pucha#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpux/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpux/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
}
],
"word": "puch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"pl:Ornithology",
"pl:Snow"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chk",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "puch",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chuukese",
"lang_code": "chk",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chuukese adjectives",
"Chuukese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chuukese lemmas",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"foolish"
],
"links": [
[
"foolish",
"foolish"
]
]
}
],
"word": "puch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"pl:Ornithology",
"pl:Snow"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "puich",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puich",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "an puch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na puich",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "an phuich",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na bpuch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an bpuch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don phuch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na puich",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "puch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "phuch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition"
]
},
{
"form": "bpuch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "puich",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "puich",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "puch m (genitive singular puich, nominative plural puich)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "puich",
"3": "puich"
},
"expansion": "puch m (genitive singular puich, nominative plural puich)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "wasp",
"word": "foiche"
}
],
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish first-declension nouns",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish masculine nouns",
"Irish nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of foiche (“wasp”)"
],
"links": [
[
"foiche",
"foiche#Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "puch"
}
{
"categories": [
"K'iche' adverbs",
"K'iche' entries with incorrect language header",
"K'iche' lemmas",
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"pl:Ornithology",
"pl:Snow"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "quc",
"2": "adv"
},
"expansion": "puch",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "K'iche'",
"lang_code": "quc",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"even though"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"also, too"
]
}
],
"word": "puch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"pl:Ornithology",
"pl:Snow"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*puxъ<id:blister>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pews-\nProto-Indo-European *powsosder.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *pausasder.\nProto-Slavic *puxъ\nOld Polish puch\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pews-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*powsos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*pausas\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*puxъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"puch\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"puch\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *puxъ.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pews-\nProto-Indo-European *powsosder.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *pausasder.\nProto-Slavic *puxъ\nOld Polish puch\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *puxъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "puch m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "puch m animacy unattested",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "puchlny"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "puzdro"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "opuchać"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Old Polish entries with etymon",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish masculine nouns",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pomerania Old Polish",
"zlw-opl:Gases",
"zlw-opl:Matter"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
61,
66
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, Grochów, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Kcynia, page 67:",
"text": "Quamdiu homo est in infirmitate, plenus est malis humoribus, pvchv, propter quos non habet appetitum comedendi",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"exhalation, fume, vapor"
],
"links": [
[
"exhalation",
"exhalation"
],
[
"fume",
"fume"
],
[
"vapor",
"vapor"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Pomerania; Greater Poland; attested in Pomerania; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Pomerania, Greater Poland) exhalation, fume, vapor"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "duch"
},
{
"word": "dym"
},
{
"word": "wilkość"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pux/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/pux/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "puch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux/1 syllable",
"pl:Ornithology",
"pl:Snow"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "puchaty"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "puchowaty"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "puszysty"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "puchowiec"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "puchówka"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "puszysty"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "puszyć"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*puxъ",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"puch\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"puch\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *puxъ.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fuks"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of fuks",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *puxъ. Doublet of fuks.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "puszek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "puchowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "puch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puchów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puchowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puchom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puchami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puchach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "puchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "puchowy",
"dim": "puszek"
},
"expansion": "puch m inan (diminutive puszek, related adjective puchowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"puch"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"puch"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "puszysto"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "puszyście"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "puszysta"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "puszystość"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"down, fluff (soft, immature feathers)"
],
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"fluff",
"fluff"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"snow"
],
"links": [
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpux/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpux/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
}
],
"word": "puch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux/1 syllable",
"pl:Ornithology",
"pl:Snow"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "puch",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"puch"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"puch"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pucha"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of pucha"
],
"links": [
[
"pucha",
"pucha#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpux/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpux/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
}
],
"word": "puch"
}
Download raw JSONL data for puch meaning in All languages combined (12.0kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"puch"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "puch",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: puch/Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"puch"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "puch",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'puch m animacy unattested' in 'puch m animacy unattested'",
"path": [
"puch"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "puch",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/20250114",
"msg": "Negatively nested table braces, couldn't split inflection section, puch/Irish section declension",
"path": [
"puch"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "puch",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.